PhilosopherTypes

PhilosopherTypes
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ENTP	ENFP	ESTJ	ESTP
INTP	INFP	ISTJ	ISTP
ENTJ	ENFJ	ESFJ	ESFP
INTJ	INFJ	ISFJ	ISFP

INTP
(Ti, Ne, Si, Fe)

INTP Parmenides "Let reason alone decide."	INTP René Descartes "Cogito ergo sum." ("I think therefore I am.")	INTP Leonardo da Vinci "The Human foot - a masterpiece of engineering." (Yes he was a slacker, but no he was not ENTP.)	INTP Baruch Spinoza "The highest activity a human being can attain is learning for understanding, because to understand is to be free (...) I call him free who is led solely by reason."
INTP Immanuel Kant "All our knowledge begins with the senses, proceeds to the understanding, and ends with reason. There is nothing higher than reason."	INTP Charles Darwin "A scientific man ought to have no wishes, no affections - a mere heart of stone."	INTP Edmund Husserl	INTP Leo Strauss "Thinking is seeing something noticeable, which makes you see something you weren't noticing."
INTP Albert Einstein "To punish me for my contempt for authority, Fate made me an authority myself."	INTP S.E. Landsburg "In the absence of explicit contracts, people who lecture other people on their 'responsibilities' are almost always up to no good."	INTP Jürgen Habermas	INTP Adam Smith
INTP David Keirsey "It is to the Rational temperament that humanity owes its Directors, Inventors and Masterminds."	INTP Abraham Lincoln "As I would not be a slave, so I would not be a master. This expresses my idea of democracy."	INTP Thomas Jefferson "Be polite towards all but intimate with few."	INTP Paul Graham "Rebellion is almost as stupid as obedience. In either case you let yourself be defined by what they tell you to do."
INTP Xenophanes "If an act is blameworthy it is blameworthy no matter who the perpetrayor; god or man."	INTP D.T. Suzuki "Not to be bound by rules, but to be creating one's own rules - this is the kind of life which Zen is trying to have us live."	INTP Milton Friedman "To really understand something you've got to reduce it to its principles."	INTP N. Gregory Mankiw "In my view, it is best to consider all knowledge as tentative. The best scholars maintain an open-mindedness and humility about even their own core beliefs."
INTP Max Weber "The modern world is but a convergence of factors so unlikely to occur as to be practically an accident."	INTP Richard Dawkins "What worries me about religion is that it teaches people to be satisfied with not understanding."	INTP Dogen Zenji "A zen master's life is one continuous mistake."	INTP Hilary Putnam
INTP James Madison "If we are to take for the criterion of truth the majority of suffrages, they ought to be gotten from those philosophic and patriotic citizens who cultivate their reason."	INTP Eric Berne	INTP Nagarjuna

ENTP
(Ne, Ti, Fe, Si)

ENTP Socrates "I have examined your position and determined your utterances to be mere brain-farts. But even so, supposing you should try to think afresh, your thoughts will be better as a consequence of today's scrutiny."	ENTP Origen	ENTP Niccolo Macchiavelli "Man must wear one face in public and another in private."	ENTP Voltaire [On his deathbed, asked by a priest to renounce the Devil:] "Now now, my good man. This is no time for making enemies."
ENTP David Hume "I have written on all sorts of subjects and yet I have no enemies, except indeed all the Whigs, all the Tories and all the Christians."	ENTP A. de Tocqueville "History is a gallery of pictures in which there are few originals and many copies."	ENTP Francis Galton	ENTP Oscar Wilde "To disagree with three-fourths of the British public is one of the first requisites of sanity."
ENTP George Bernard Shaw "Few people think more than two or three times a year; I have made an international reputation for myself by thinking once or twice a week."	ENTP Bertrand Russell "Do not fear to be eccentric in opinion, for every opinion now accepted was once eccentric."	ENTP Richard Feynman "On the many occasions when I play the bongo drums, the introducer never seems to find it necessary to mention that I also do theoretical physics."	ENTP Michel Foucault "The work of an intellectual is to re-examine evidence and assumptions, to shake up habitual ways of thinking, to dissipate conventional familiarities, to re-evaluate rules and institutions."
ENTP Bill Hicks "The worst kind of non-smokers are the ones that come up to you and cough. That's pretty fucking cruel isn't it? Do you go up to cripples and dance too?"	ENTP Slavoj Zizek "The only measure of true love is: You can insult the other."	ENTP Daniel Dennett "The eye contains a big flaw: The retina is inside-out. No designer would make such a clumsy arrangement, and this is just one of the hundreds of accidents frozen in evolutionary history that confirm the mindlessness of the process."	ENTP Steven Pinker "People get uncomfortable with empirical claims that seem to clash with their political assumptions, often because they haven't given much thought to the connections."
ENTP Matt Ridley "A true scientist is bored by knowledge. It is the assault on ignorance that motivates him. [...] The forest is more interesting than the clearing."	ENTP Luc Ferry "French philosophy is nothing but the hyperbolic repetition of German philosophy."	ENTP Thomas More "Ask a woman's advice, and whatever she advises, do the very reverse and you're sure to be wise."	ENTP M. Maimonides "The risk of a wrong decision is preferable to the terror of indecision. (...) Teach thy tongue to say 'I do not know,' and thou shalt progress."
ENTP Brad Warner "You can't function in society if you don't involve yourself in the fictions society accepts about time. But you do so with the understanding that you're playing a game."	ENTP Karl R. Popper "[I attach importance to] having received a letter from a man who takes philosophy (or anything) seriously. I thought the breed had died out."	ENTP Alexander III "If I was not Alexander the great king, I would be a philosopher."	ENTP Benjamin Franklin "Democracy is two wolves and a lamb voting on what to have for dinner."
ENTP Barack Obama "By the time I was sixteen my grandfather and I were arguing all the time, usually about me failing to abide by what I considered to be an endless series of petty and arbitrary rules. I found that I could generally win these arguments, in the narrow sense of leaving him flustered, angry, and sounding unreasonable." Why Obama is ENTP	ENTP Bill Maher "We need more people speaking out. This country is not overrun with rebels and free thinkers. It's overrun with sheep and conformists."	ENTP Gretchen Rubin "Of these 40 perspectives, all are equally 'true'." (Rubin identifies herself as ENTJ.)	ENTP Winston Churchill [When a voter said that he would rather vote for the Devil than for Churchill:] "I understand. But in case your friend is not running may I count on your support?"
ENTP John Stuart Mill "If mankind minus one were of one opinion, then mankind is no more justified in silencing the one than the one - if he had the power - would be justified in silencing mankind."	ENTP Frederic Bastiat "We cannot but be astonished at the ease with which men resign themselves to ignorance about what is most important for them to know; and we may be certain that they are determined to remain invincibly ignorant."	ENTP Thomas Sowell [Myron Weiner: "One finishes reading Sowell awed with his ability to bring together so much material in such a readable fashion."]	ENTP Marilyn V. Savant "Be able to defend your arguments in a rational way. Otherwise, all you have is an opinion." (Savant identifies herself as ENTP.)
ENTP Ken Miller "The scientific argument advanced for Intelligent Design at the Dover trial, those arguments collapsed, scientifically and intellectually."	ENTP Alan Dershowitz "I like ambiguity, I like conflict, I like uncertainty."	ENTP Fernand Braudel	ENTP Nagasena

INTJ
(Ni, Te, Fi, Se)

INTJ Heraclitus "Most men have sated themselves like cattle (...) Greater deaths are allotted greater destinies."	INTJ Tertullian "Certum est, quia impossibile." ("It is impossible and therefore certain.")	INTJ J.C.F. von Schiller "All things must; man is the only creature that wills."	INTJ Karl Marx "Philosophers have hitherto only interpreted the world in various ways; the point is to change it."
INTJ F. W. Nietzsche "What is good? All that heightens the feeling of power, power itself in man. What is bad? All that proceeds from weakness."	INTJ Niels Bohr "When it comes to atoms, language can be used only as in poetry. The poet, too, is not nearly so concerned with describing facts as with creating images."	INTJ Martin Heidegger "The future of the West depends upon the proper understanding of metaphysics as presented in my thought."	INTJ Jean-Paul Sartre "As far as men are concerned, it is not what they are that interests me but what they can become."
INTJ Ayn Rand "While animals survive by adjusting themselves to their background, man survives by adjusting his background to himself."	INTJ Susan Sontag "It is not suffering as such that is most deeply feared, but suffering that degrades."	INTJ Christopher Hitchens "Those who are determined to be 'offended' will discover a provocation somewhere. We cannot possibly adjust enough to please the fanatics, and it is degrading to make the attempt."	INTJ Paul Krugman "Being critical at the level I've been critical is a very unpleasant experience. You get a lot of heat from people because they accuse you of being shrill, which is everybody's favorite word for me."
INTJ Richard Rorty	INTJ G.W. Nishijima "When you practice Zen, you extend yourself throughout the universe."	INTJ Alcibiades "If we cease to rule others, we are in danger of being ruled ourselves."	INTJ Hillary Clinton "Unthinking emotion is pitiful to me." (Clinton identifies herself as INTJ.)
INTJ Ann Coulter "A word to those of you out there who have yet to be offended by something I have written or said: Please be patient. I am working as fast as I can."	INTJ J. Maynard Keynes "The country does not need an iron-cast economic doctrine as long as it has me."		INTJ Franz Kafka "By believing passionately in something that still does not exist, we create it."
INTJ Juvenal

ENTJ
(Te, Ni, Se, Fi)

ENTJ

Aristotle

"Men acquire a particular quality by constantly acting a particular way... You become just by performing just actions, temperate by performing temperate actions, brave by performing brave actions."

ENTJ

M.T. Cicero

ENTJ

G. Julius Caesar

"I would rather be first in a village than second in Rome."

ENTJ

Muhammad

"Philosophy is a stray camel to the faithful. Grab hold of it wherever you come across it."

ENTJ

Averroes

ENTJ

Napoleon Bonaparte

"Ambition is never in a greater hurry than I. It merely keeps pace with my way of thinking."

ENTJ

Sigmund Freud

"Most people do not really want freedom, because freedom entails responsibility and most people are frightened of responsibility."

ENTJ

H.J. Eysenck

"If it cannot be measured, it does not exist."

ENTJ

Richard Wagner

"I write music with an exclamation mark!"

(Nietzsche: "He writes music that perspirates.")

ENTJ

Margaret Thatcher

"To wear your heart on your sleeve isn't a very good plan; you should wear it inside, where it functions best."

ENFP
(Ne, Fi, Te, Si)

ENFP

Mark Twain

"I must have a prodigious quantity of mind; it takes me as much as a week sometimes to make it up."

ENFP

Richard Wiseman

"While Freud considered himself a scientist, many of his ideas are in fact completely untesticle."

ENFP

Bill Clinton

"A lot of presidential memoirs, they say, are dull and self-serving. I hope mine is interesting and self-serving."

ENFP

Andy Rooney

"If you say something true or serious or important [the audience] doesn't nod, so you have no way to know whether you're reaching someone. (...) Humor evokes laughter, so you know you have touched an audience and succeeded in what you're doing."

ENFP

Naomi Klein

"The libertarians want us to believe that good is bad and bad is good. But we already know that good is good and bad is bad."

ENFP

Hunter S. Thompson

"I was never idle long enough to do much thinking, but I felt somehow that my instincts were right."

ENFP

Neil Strauss

"[I never really had] a plan. I just try not to follow any rules. I just follow whatever I’m interested in."

ENFP

Katie Couric

"I knew I had to be a journalist because I’m deeply curious about the world (...) and I saw that when properly practiced, it’s a craft that can help galvanize an often complacent citizenry, and make a difference."

INFP
(Fi, Ne, Si, Te)

INFP

Augustine

INFP

M. de Cervantes

"Which would you rather have: Foolish sanity or wise madness?"

INFP

John Milton

INFP

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

"It is he who erects fences around his property who destroys civilization; the natural civilization of Man."

INFP

William Blake

INFP

Søren Kierkegaard

"If I am capable of grasping God objectively, I do not believe, but precisely because I cannot do this I must believe."

INFP

Virginia Woolf

"My own brain is to me the most unaccountable of machinery - always buzzing, humming, soaring roaring diving, and then buried in mud. And why? What's this passion for?"

INFP

Albert Camus

"We used to wonder where war lived, what it was that made it so vile. And now we realize that we know where it lives... Inside ourselves."

INFP

Bjorn Lomborg

"I’m an old Greenpeace guy, and my first reaction was exactly the same thing as I see most other people reacting to what I say."

INFP

Bill Bryson

INFP

Hans Christian Andersen

"If you looked down to the bottom of my soul, you would understand fully the source of my longing and - pity me."

INFP

John Kerry

"[Never] start a war ... the USA should only go to war because we have to. And if you live by that guidance, you'll never have veterans throwing away their medals or standing up in protest."

INFP

William Shakespeare

INFP

David Lynch

"I didn't watch much TV as a kid and I don't watch it now. I don't find anything beautiful or unique to the medium, and the only thing you can do on TV that you can't do in film is make a continuing story - which is so cool!"

INFP

Homer

"The blade itself incites to violence."

ENFJ
(Fe, Ni, Se, Ti)

ENFJ

Erich Fromm

"All men are in need of help and depend on one another. Human solidarity is the necessary condition for the unfolding of any one individual."

ENFJ

Hannah Arendt

ENFJ

Steven Jay Gould

ENFJ

Helen Fisher

ENFJ

T.S. Kuhn

ENFJ

Ronald Reagan

"Above all ... no weapon in the arsenals of the world, is so formidable as the will and moral courage of free men and women."

ENFJ

Joseph Biden

"[A fundamental] part of being a public servant [is] absorbing the anger of people who don't know where to turn."

ENFJ

Michael Moore

ENFJ

Tariq Ramadan

"Never forget that the mind is not the only faculty helping you to understand. Your heart is understanding as well. So come with double vision."

ENFJ

Tony Blair

"Ifear my own conscience on Africa. I fear the judgement of future generations, where history properly calculates the gravity of the suffering. (...) I feel that judgment of the futurealongside the now. It gives me urgency. It fills me with determination."

ENFJ

John Paul II

"I hope to have communion with the people, that is the most important thing."

ENFJ

Pericles

"Men can endure to hear others praised only so long as they can severally persuade themselves of their own ability to equal the actions recounted."

INFJ
(Ni, Fe, Ti, Se)

INFJ Plato "Be kind, for everyone you meet is fighting a hard battle."	INFJ Desiderius Erasmus "In the land of the blind, a one-eyed man is king."	INFJ Plotinus "We possess Beauty when we are true to our own being; knowing ourselves, we are beautiful; in self-ignorance, we are ugly."	INFJ Thomas Aquinas "Hold firmly that our faith is compatible with that of the ancients. Deny this, and you dissolve the unity of the Church."
INFJ Dante Alighieri "Consider your origins; you were not meant to live as brutes, but to follow virtue and knowledge [...] Follow your own star."	INFJ J.W. von Goethe "I reject the notion of a nationalist education for to be educated a man must know the culture of every nation."	INFJ G.W.F. Hegel "Dialectics gives expression to a law which is felt in all grades of consciousness and in general experience. Everything that surrounds us may be viewed as an instance of dialectic."	INFJ Arthur Schopenhauer "It is only a man's own thoughts that he really and completely understands. To read the thoughts of others is like taking the remains of someone else's meal, like putting on the discarded clothes of a stranger."
INFJ C.G. Jung "As far as we can discern, the sole purpose of human existence is to kindle a light in the darkness of mere being." (Jung identified himself as INTP.)	INFJ L. Wittgenstein "One of the most misleading representational techniques in our language is the use of the word 'I'."	INFJ Simone de Beauvoir "It is the fate of women always to be secondary. To be the second sex."	INFJ Noam Chomsky "Education must provide the opportunities for self-fulfillment; it can at best provide a rich and challenging environment for the individual to explore, in his own way. "
INFJ Irvin D. Yalom "We enter this world alone, die alone and in between we all have to face the prospect of inevitable death."	INFJ A.N. Whitehead "An enormous part of our mature experience cannot not be expressed in words."	INFJ Epictetus "[Do not get too attached to life] for it is like a sailor's leave on the shore and at any time, the captain may sound the horn, calling you back to eternal darkness."	INFJ Ron Paul "We have allowed our nation to deteriorate. The founders would be ashamed of us for what we are putting up with."
INFJ Dainin Kataghiri "As long as you see things from a human perspective it is hard to realize what is going on. That is why you must see things from a universal perspective."	INFJ Marilyn Manson "Part of me is afraid to get close to people because I'm afraid that they're going to leave."	INFJ Marcus Aurelius "[You should] constantly regard the universe as one living being, having one substance and one soul."	INFJ F. Dostoevsky "I have seen the truth; I have seen and I know that people can be beautiful and happy without losing the power of living on earth. I will not and cannot believe that evil is the normal condition of mankind."

ESTJ
(Te, Si, Ne, Fi)

ESTJ

Phil McGraw

"Awareness without action is worthless. Sometimes you make the right decision, sometimes you make the decision right."

ESTJ

Michelle Obama

"Role modeling what good families should look like [is important]. And my view is that if you can't run your own house, you certainly can't run the White House."

ESTJ

Condoleezza Rice

"When are we going to stop making excuses for the terrorists and saying that somebody is making them do it? No, these are simply evil people who want to kill."

ISTJ
(Si, Te, Fi, Ne)

ISTJ

Thomas Hobbes

"During times where men live without a great power to keep them all in awe, they are in a war of every man, against every man."

ISTJ

Edward Gibbon

"[When my father called off my engagement] I sighed as a lover, obeyed as a son."

ISTJ

Paul the Apostle

ISTJ

Ayaan Hirsi Ali

"I feel this obligation (...) I think that I can't just lie around (...) and enjoy a life of Western progress and at the same time keep quiet about what is not right."

ISTJ

George Washington

"Happiness and moral duty are inseparably connected."

ISTJ

Richard Nixon

"When the president does it, that means that it is not illegal."

ESFJ
(Fe, Si, Ne, Ti)

ESFJ

Daniel Goleman

ISFJ
(Si, Fe, Te, Ne)

ISFJ

Xenophon

"For the good man, there is nothing better than owning an estate and tending to it, properly."

ISFJ

Shunryu Suzuki

"Zen is not some kind of excitement, but concentration on our usual everyday routine."

ISFJ

Robert E. Lee

"Duty is the most sublime word in our language. Do your duty in all things. You cannot do more. You should never wish to do less."

ISFJ

Thich Nhat Hanh

"The son is an extension of the father."

ESTP
(Se, Ti, Fe, Ni)

ESTP

Stephen Covey

"Let natural consequences teach responsible behavior."

ESTP

Anton S. LaVey

"Do what you want as long as it's paying off for you."

ESTP

Ole Nydahl

"Experiencing Buddhist Enlightenment is like driving a 400 horsepower Audi in your mind."

ESTP

Dale Carnegie

"Flaming enthusiasm, backed up by horse sense and persistence, is the quality that most frequently makes for success."

ESTP

Silvio Berlusconi

"I will use the same techniques I used to become personally wealthy in order to make Italy as a country wealthy."

ESTP

Donald Trump

"I don't make deals for the money. I do it to do it."

ESTP

Steve Pavlina

"Act boldly ... if you keep adding fuel to your desire, you will reach the point of knowing that you'll never quit, and ultimate success will be nothing more than a matter of time."

(Pavlina identifies himself as ENTJ.)

ISTP
(Ti, Se, Ni, Fe)

ISTP

Diogenes